What Does A JUUL Really Do To Your Body? Franciscan Health Can Vaping Cause Lung Cancer? Here's What We Know The Lung Docs Nicotine based vapes are likely to cause lung and oral cancer according to a new review of evidence. Experts are now calling for tougher enforcement of vape laws in Australia. Health reporter Vaping releases toxic chemicals, including heavy metals, as well as ultrafine particles that go deep into the lungs. These increase the risk of heart and lung disorders.